Preposition حرف جر

Today I am learning about preposition, or in Arabic is called حُرُفُ الْجَرِّ hurufu al jarri. The first four حُرُفُ الْجَرِّ I am learning today are:

1. فِي fii in.
2. عَلََى 'alaa on.
3. مِن min from.
4. اِلَى ilaa to.

A preposition always comes before a noun. The vowel of the last letter of the noun must be changed from ُ or ٌ to ِ or ٍ. A noun that has been changed in this way is called مَجرُورٌ majrur. Effects of prepositions on nouns are shown in the examples below:

1. مَطبَخٌ maTbaghun a kitchen: فِي مَطبَخٍ fii maTbaghin in a kitchen.
2. الْحِصَانُ al HiSaanu the horse: عَلَى الْحِصَانِ 'alaa al HiSaani on the horse.
3. نَهرٌ nahrun a river: مِن نَهرٍ min nahrin from a river.
4. الْحَقلُ al HaQlu the farm: اِلَى الْحَقلِ ilaa al HaQli to the farm.